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HAMILTON-T1 for ventilator-assisted preoxygenation

Article

Author: Clinical Experts Group, Hamilton Medical

Date of first publication: 05.11.2018

Last change: 05.11.2018

Psupport changed to Pinsp; addition of two screenshots

The use of rapid sequence intubation (RSI) in the Emergency Department is often associated with complications, including serious oxygen desaturation.

HAMILTON-T1 for ventilator-assisted preoxygenation

HAMILTON-T1 and VAPOX technique

The use of CPAP and/or NIV for preoxygenation may be particularly effective in reducing the risk of hypoxemia during intubation. A recent study from Australia now describes use of the HAMILTON-T1 to apply a combination of NIV and pressure-controlled ventilation in high-risk patients (Grant S, Khan F, Keijzers G, Shirran M, Marneros L. Ventilator-assisted preoxygenation: Protocol for combining non-invasive ventilation and apnoeic oxygenation using a portable ventilator. Emerg Med Australas. 2016;28(1):67-72. doi:10.1111/1742-6723.125241​).

The authors' VAPOX technique (ventilator-assisted preoxygenation) is made possible by the HAMILTON-T1’s biphasic design and open valve system, which enable the application of NIV for preoxygenation followed by mechanical ventilation after intubation, all with the same breathing circuit.

HAMILTON-T1 settings for VAPOX

After completing the preop tests and connecting the oxygen and power supplies, the HAMILTON-T1 is set up in NIV-ST mode with the following settings:

  • RR: 6–8 breaths/min
  • Pinsp: 10 cmH2O
  • PEEP: 5 cmH2O
  • Oxygen: 100%
  • ETS (expiratory trigger sensitivity): 50%
  • Inspiratory flow trigger: 2 l/min
  • Ti: 2 s
  • P-ramp: 50 ms

A nasal cannula is applied to the patient with an oxygen flow rate of 15 l/min and then a face mask is applied. The ventilator is started and preoxygenation applied for 3 minutes.

As soon as apnea ensues, the ventilator transitions to PCV+. 

Intubation starts after at least 45 sec, with nasal oxygenation continuing until the ETT is in place. 

With the tube successfully positioned, the ventilator can be switched to a conventional ventilation mode.

Basic settings window on HAMILTON-T1
HAMILTON-T1 Basic settings window
Basic settings window on HAMILTON-T1
HAMILTON-T1 Basic settings window
More settings window on HAMILTON-T1
HAMILTON-T1 More settings window
More settings window on HAMILTON-T1
HAMILTON-T1 More settings window

Results with VAPOX

In this series of patients, there was no occurrence of hypoxia. The two patients with the lowest oxygen saturation at the outset (77% and 79%) increased to 100% and 94% post VAPOX, respectively, with values post intubation at 93% and 92%, respectively. These results showed VAPOX to be both safe and effective.

Using the HAMILTON-T1, this promising technique can successfully be applied to minimize hypoxemia during RSI.

Relevant devices: HAMILTON-T1